The No Child Left Behind Act Of 2001 ( Nclb ) - 1007 Words

Perhaps the most controversial law enacted by President George W. Bush is the No Child Left behind Act of 2001 (NCLB). This is a landmark educational reform designed to improve student achievement and drastically change the culture of American’s schools. In fact, President Bush describes the law as the â€Å"cornerstone of his administration.† Because children are our future, President Bush wanted to ensure our neediest children were not left behind. This paper will discuss pros, cons, and impact on students, teachers, and parents of NCLB. www.ed.gov In this passage of No Child Left Behind, Congress reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), the principal federal law affecting education from kindergarten through high school. In amending ESEA, the new law represents a sweeping overhaul of federal efforts to support elementary and secondary education in the United States. This new law focuses on policy and distribution of funds to public schools. Most federal funds under NCLB are distributed to school districts whose populations that are representative of lower economic levels and culturally diverse populations, which consists of African Americans, Native Americans, Asians, and Latinos. Proponents of the No Child Left Behind Act claim that its mission is to diminishing the achievement gap by holding school districts and states accountable, encouraging the use of more flexible educational approaches, and supporting parent’s rights to school choiceShow MoreRelatedThe No Child Left Behind Act Of 2001 ( Nclb )1227 Words   |  5 PagesThe No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) is a United States Act of Congress that is a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, which included Title I, the government s flagship aid program for disadvantaged students. No Child Left behind was enacted with the intent to become a government aid program for disadvantaged students, and eventually raise the general education standards for the United States. This act was created with the idea to â€Å"close the achievement gap withRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind ( Nclb ) Act Of 2001 Essay1773 Words   |  8 PagesThis trend reached its climax with the implementation of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001. Over a decade has passed since the full implementation of this landmark legislation and many involved in education and pondering the true success of the program. Has the NCLB agenda improved the quality of learning in America or created a culture of failure that is hindering the efforts of educators? The primary goal of NCLB was to create a unified set of standards that would provide an equalRead MoreEffectiveness Of The No Child Left Behind Act Of 2001 ( Nclb )1613 Words   |  7 PagesThis study will focus on the effectiveness of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB). The NCLB Act of 2001 was a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA) (www.newamerica.org). The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 was a Great Society program that allocated federal funds for education and looked to hold schools accountable (www2.ed.gov). The NCLB Act of 2001 was passed through Congress in 2001 with bipartisan support and greatly increased the FederalRead MoreNo Child Left Behind Act Of 2001 ( Nclb ) And It Mandates882 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction What is No Child Left behind? This author discusses the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001(NCLB) and it mandates that every student in K-12 public schools will reach basic proficiency in math and reading by 2014. The goals of the accountability component of NCLB place emphasis on closing the achievement gap for all public school students, regardless of their socioeconomic status, ethnicity, or disabilities. The Federal Government mandates annual testing of all students in grades threeRead MoreHas the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 Been Successful?959 Words   |  4 PagesIn every school in the United States has students that fall behind in classes or don’t get proper education for them to be taught effectively. The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 was created to push students of all grade levels to keep up in their classes, homework and grades so they could become an idol citizen to society. Even though this act is supposed to keep students on the same page as others, research shows that isn’t th e case; that students Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) test scores areRead MoreHigh School and Act1525 Words   |  7 PagesNo Child Left Behind Act of 2001 The No Child Left Behind Act is designed to raise the achievement levels of subgroups of students such as African Americans, Latinos, low-income students, and special education students to a state-determined level of proficiency. However, since its introduction in 2001, it has received a lot of criticism. Some argue the ulterior motives of the Act while others commend its innovation and timing. With the Bush administration coming to an end, it is difficultRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act1670 Words   |  7 PagesStudent Succeeds Act Suzanne Hatton, BSW, LSW University of Kentucky-SW 630 Abstract This literature review seeks to explore the Every Student Succeeds Act (2015), a bipartisan reauthorization and revision to the No Child Left Behind Act (2002). The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) is the first law passed in fourteen years to address Reneeded changes to the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). Considered progressive and innovative at the time of its passage, NCLB was the most dramaticRead MoreEssay on The No Child Left Behind Act1440 Words   |  6 PagesInitiated in 2002, the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2001 intended to prevent the academic failures of educational institutions and individual students, as well as bridge achievement gaps between students. This act supports the basic standards of education reform across America; desiring to improve the learning outcomes of America’s youth. No Child Left Behind has left many to criticize the outcomes of the Act itself. Questions have risen concerning the effectiveness of NCLB, as well as the implicationsR ead MoreEducation Is A Central Need Of All People Around Over The World1543 Words   |  7 Pageswe will find some development projects. However, some of these succeed while others failed in achieving their goals. â€Å"The federal government instituted a number of other reforms, including a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA), to little or no avail† (Ginsburg Jill, 2013). Furthermore, policymakers do not take a rest from struggles to develop the education system. They continue to argument and make main education reforms such as new academic standards, newRead MoreEducation Is A Central Need Of All People Around Over The World1543 Words   |  7 Pageswe will find some development projects. However, some of these succeed while others failed in achieving their goals. â€Å"The federal government instituted a number of other reforms, including a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA), to little o r no avail† (Ginsburg Jill, 2013). Furthermore, policymakers do not take a rest from struggles to develop the education system. They continue to argument and make main education reforms such as new academic standards, new

Douglas and mcgregors theories free essay sample

American psychologist and a founder of humanistic psychology who developed a hierarchical model of human motivation, in which a higher need, ultimately that for self-actualisation, is expressed only after lower needs are fulfilled. Self-actualisation needs Self-actualization is the fulfilment of the person’s dreams and aspirations. â€Å"Even if all these needs are satisfied, we may still often (if not always) expect that a new discontent and restlessness will soon develop, unless the individual is doing what he or she, individually, is fitted for. Musicians must make music, artists must paint, poet’s must write if they are to be ultimately at peace with themselves. What humans can be, they must be. They must be true to their own nature. This need we may call self-actualization. For example, British Gas and EDF employees need to have self-actualization for the work value. The company’s are committed to helping their employees fulfil their potential. They are committed to identify potential, proving development and career opportunities, empowering them to make a difference in their business. The company’s will support their workers with ongoing general and specialist training, accessible learning and development to give their employees a chance for professional qualifications. The invest in people and take development very seriously as their success simply depends on them. British Gas has an Academy to train and support new employees. They helped to develop and refocus training facilities to handle the extra training equipment in recruiting. British Gas also offers an arrangement for Service employees to work form home. EDF have put a range of world class development programmes in place at varying levels within the company to develop employee skills and competencies. EDF Energy workers have access to a suite of made to measure international programmes in their Corporate University. These are delivered in conjunction with leading business school around the world. Esteem and status needs Esteem and status is when a person respects themselves and is respected. â€Å"All people in our society (with few pathological expectations) have need or desire for a stable, firmly based, usually high evaluation of themselves, for self-respect or self-esteem, and for the esteem for others. These needs may therefore be classified into two subsidiary sets. These are, first, the desire for strength, achievement, adequacy, mastery and competence, confidence in the face of world, and independence and freedom. Second, we have what we may ca;; the desire for reputation or prestige (defining it as respect or esteem from other people), status, fame and glory, dominance, recognition, attention, importance, dignity, or appreciation â€Å". British Gas and EDF, both have open, honest culture that’s based on mutual trust and respect. British Gas provides feedback system, which id build on receiving feedback from its employees and listening to their needs, trying to satisfy them in order to achieve company progression. EDF offers an annual survey for its workers to better their work place. Belonging needs When they are unsatisfied, a person will feel keenly the absence of friends, mate, or children. Such a person will hunger for relations with people in general for a place in the group or family-and will strive with great intensity to achieve this goal. Attaining such a place will matter more than anything else in the world and he or she may even forget that once, when hunger was foremost, love seemed unreal, unnecessary, and unimportant. Now the pangs of loneliness, ostracism, rejection, friendlessness, and rootlessness are pre-eminent. „Both British Gas and EDF make sure that the workplace is as much friendly as it can be they emphasise on teamwork and communication which gives the employees greater sense of belonging. They often organize land trips or short holidays to boost the workers libido and bring them closer together in obvious reason to maximise the company’s profits. Safety and security needs Examples of safety and security are a roof overhead and a locked safe. If the physiological needs are relatively well gratified, there then emerges a new set of needs, which we may categorize roughly as the safety needs. † For British Gas, health, safety and security of their employees is their priority. Their occupational health teams and well established systems are gathered to support a worker in maintaining a productive and healthy life with their company. It is a company that makes a good workplace. Inside the firm, the image is very rosy, with staff among the happiest on the country list. The company also has a reputation for paying well (last year it ranked third overall in that category) and for high levels of job satisfaction. They offer an employee discount for energy prices, healthy eating plan. It also includes healthy-living resources for staff working in a variety of environments, including those based in offices and those working in the field. EDF offers flexible working arrangements, generous levels of maternity and adoption pay, career breaks. Pensions at EDF Energy employees with a final salary pension scheme, which is often seen as the gold standard in pension provision. Running this scheme means our employees can plan for their retirement with confidence. They also provide protection for your family upon your retirement by providing pensions for your dependents and life assurance at four times your pensionable pay, bonus schemes. They offer annual surveys for employees to better the work place. Physiological needs Physiological needs are things we need to do merely to survive. Survival activities include eating, sleeping, and breathing that is, anything the physical organism needs to survive, very fundamental life or death needs. Here again, we could mention British Gas offering its employees a healthy eating plan. Both EDF and British Gas offers free drinking water at every office, hot beverage, they are providing workers with uniforms, toilet and bathroom facilities. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Maslows Hierarchy of Needs What are the advantages? The advantage of this theory is that it motivates individuals to move from fundamental needs toward higher needs, providing a clear map for personal growth. Physiological-the managers should give employees appropriate salaries to purchase the basic necessities of life. Breaks and eating opportunities should be given to workers. Safety needs-the managers should provide the employees job security, safe and hygienic work environment, and retirement benefits so as to retain them. Social needs-the management should encourage teamwork and organize social events. Esteem needs-the managers can appreciate and reward employees on accomplishing and exceeding their targets. The management can give the deserved employee higher job rank / position in the organization. Self-actualization needs-the managers can give the employees challenging jobs in which the employees’ skills and competencies are fully utilized. Moreover, growth opportunities can be given to them so that they can reach the peak. The managers must identify the need level at which the employee is existing and then those needs can be utilized as push for motivation. What are the disadvantages? It fails to explain why some individuals prefer to ignore lesser needs in search of higher ones, such as when individuals choose to forgo paying rent in order to take a vacation. Also, people can fulfil their higher-level needs when unexpected circumstances may suddenly threaten their much shorter-term needs, furthering complexity. Therefore, such an approach is easier on a small scale than a large group. The most basic needs are physiological, hence the need for food, air to breathe, go to toilet and to have sex are the most basic of these needs. On this level, the disadvantage of the Hierarchy of needs is, for example the strong urge to have sex can and does result in some bizarre situations. Smart people have done stupid things for sex. Presidents have been shamed, famous people have been found in compromising situations, careers have been lost and lives have been broken because of this strong sexual need. This is a huge disadvantage of the Hierarchy of needs. A team of psychologists have updated a cornerstone of modern psychology — Abraham Maslow’s pyramid of needs. According to experts, Maslow’s time-tested pyramid, first proposed in the 1940’ s, needed to be updated to reflect the last 50 years of research. The revising of Maslow’s pyramid reflects new findings and theory from fields like neuroscience, developmental psychology or evolutionary psychology. According to Maslow, if you are starving and craving food that will trump all other goals. But if you are satisfied on one level, you move to the next. So, once you are well fed, you worry about safety. Once you are safe, you worry about affection and esteem and so forth. Perhaps most famously, at the top of Maslow’s pyramid sat the need for self-actualization – the desire to fulfil one’s own unique creative potential. The bottom four levels of the new pyramid are highly compatible with Maslow’s, but big changes are at the top. Perhaps the most controversial modification is that self actualization no longer appears on the pyramid at all. At the top of the new pyramid are three evolutionarily critical motives that Maslow overlooked – mate acquisition, mate retention and parenting. For humans reproduction is not just about sex and producing children. It’s also about raising those children to the age at which they can reproduce as well. Consequently, parenting sits atop the revamped pyramid. For Maslow, once a need was met, it disappeared as the individual moved on to the next level. In the reworked pyramid, needs overlap one another and coexist, instead of completely replacing each other. For example, certain environmental cues can make them come back. If you are walking down the street thinking about love, art or the meaning of life, you will revert quickly to the self-protection level if you see an ominous-looking gang of young men headed your way. Douglas McGregor, an American social psychologist, proposed his famous X-Y theory in his 1960 book The Human Side Of Enterprise. McGregors ideas suggest that there are two fundamental approaches to managing people. Many managers tend towards theory x, and generally get poor results. Enlightened managers use theory y, which produces better performance and results, and allows people to grow and develop. Theory x (authoritarian management style)-centralised structure The average person dislikes work and will avoid it he/she can Therefore most people must be forced with the threat of punishment to work towards organisational objectives The average person prefers to be directed; to avoid responsibility; is relatively unambitious, and wants security above all else For example, working for British Gas or EDF- the manager has to be under close supervision and controlled through reward and punishment therefore the employee might become demotivated from too much pressure. Under Theory X, managers leadership styles are likely to be autocratic, which may create resistance on the part of subordinates. Communication flow is more likely to be downward from manager to the subordinates. In regard to control, Theory X is likely to result in external control, with the manager acting as a performance judge, the focus is generally on the past. Theory y (participative management style)-decentralized structure Effort in work is as natural as work and play People will apply self-control and self-direction in the pursuit of organisational objectives, without external control or the threat of punishment Commitment to objectives is a function of rewards associated with their achievement People usually accept and often seek responsibility The capacity to use a high degree of imagination, ingenuity and creativity in solving organisational problems is widely, not narrowly, distributed in the population. In industry the intellectual potential of the average person is only partly utilised. For example the EDF or British Gas-manager stimulates the employees, arranging organizational conditions and methods of operation so that people can achieve their own goals by directing their efforts toward organizational objectives, hence the de-centralised power. Given the opportunity, employees will display self-motivation to put forth the effort necessary to achieve the organizations goals. EDF’s Energy’s commitment to equal opportunities and outlines the company’s intention to develop and apply procedures that do not discriminate on the grounds of colour, disability, ethnic origin, gender, gender reassignment, marital status, nationality, race, religion or belief, sexual orientation or on the basis of part time working. It aims to prevent discrimination against employees, third party workers such as contractors and agency staff, suppliers, customers and members of the public. Thus, avoiding responsibility is not an inherent quality of human nature; individuals will actually seek it out under the proper conditions. Theory Y also assumes that the ability to be innovative and creative exists among a large, rather than a small segment of the population. Finally, it assumes that rather than valuing security above all other rewards associated with work, individuals desire rewards that satisfy their self-esteem and self-actualization needs which are so widely described in a Maslow theory. Example, British Gas which provides a flexible and comprehensive reward package to recruit, reward and retain high-calibre people. Theory Y leadership should increase communication flow, especially in the upward direction and approaches to the management included decentralization of decision-making authority, delegation, job enlargement, and participative management. How does it all work in today’s word? McGregors work on Theory X and Theory Y has had a significant impact on management thought and practice. In terms of the practice of management, the workplace of the early twenty-first century, with its emphasis on self-managed work teams and other forms of worker involvement programs, is generally consistent with the precepts of Theory Y. There is every indication that such programs will continue to increase, at least to the extent that evidence of their success begins to accumulate. These were two different theories of motivation-Maslow and McGregor theories. The first is based on needs and the second one on motivation/stimulation. Although, motivation is the key to achieving every small aspect of our lives, it is crucial to motivate people to work in order to reach goals. Motivation is good. Apart from the benefit and moral value of an altruistic approach to treating colleagues as human beings and respecting human dignity in all its form, research and observations show that well motivated employees are more productive and creative. The inverse also holds true. The schematic indicates the potential contribution the practical application of the principles this paper has on reducing work content in the organisation. The Times Business case of studies (online), Economist (online), Psychology about (online),Deeprmind (online, entered on the 5th of Feb 2014

Ming And Ottoman Empires Essays - Ottoman Turks,

Ming And Ottoman Empires Timothy S. Palko World History II Dr. Skaff MWF 2:00-2:50 World power can be seen today in two very different but extremely vast empires. They are the Ming Empire and the Ottoman Empire. To contrast these empires in order to predict their futures, it is necessary that I observe and analyze key factors such as leadership, military strengths and weaknesses, and morals among the people. The two empires have different types of leadership, and from this it is possible to find the core of any disadvantage. From the leadership, it is possible to continue into the military and values that these empires embody. The Ming Empire is led by brilliant philosophical scholars, ?The man who is promoted to the higher degrees in this field prides himself on the fact that he has in truth attained to the pinnacle of Chinese happiness? (Andrea/Overfield 116). The Ottoman Empire has dedicated and knowledgeable leaders as well, but they are of a more warlike and brutish character. ?These leaders rise in service by merit alone? (Andrea/Overfield p.88). Indulging in the writings of Matteo Ricci, who observed first hand the workings of the Ming government, and the writings of Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, who observed the government under Suleiman I of the Ottoman Empire, the prediction of success will be able to be made knowledgably. The Ottoman Empire began around 1300 as a ?tiny state built on the strength of an army of Turkish nomad warriors and a few Christian converts to Islam in northwestern Anatolia? (Bulliet 601). It quickly proved to be a military strength and threat to the surrounding civilizations. The Turks expanded their empire through brilliant military tactics, including using Janissaries on foot, who used the new weapon called a gun in battle, and the same horseback archery that made them so successful in their previous military accomplishments. The selection of Turkish leaders has greatly influenced the success of the Ottoman Empire. ?A Turks grandeur is not defined by his birth, however; the respect to be paid to a man is measured by the position he holds in the public service? (Andrea/Overfield 88). The men who attain office are not the products of hereditary luck, but ?partly the gift of God, and partly the result of good training, great industry, and unwearied zeal? (Andrea/Overfield p.88). D e Busbecq was greatly impressed by the way that these Turks found their leadership; he made it a point to describe their feelings towards it in detail. De Busbecq also wrote extensively about the military strengths of the Ottoman. The soldiers of the Ottoman army are well trained and experienced in the arts of warfare and survival. The distances they must travel are so great, that the soldiers often have to carry a pack horse ?on which they carry many of the necessaries of life? (Andrea/Overfield 89). The weapon that was affluent and extremely effective among the soldiers is the Turkish bow. ?From the eighth, or even the seventh year of age they begin to shoot at a mark, and practice archery ten or twelve years. This constant exercise strengthens the muscles of their arms, and gives them such skill that they can hit the smallest marks with their arrows? (Andrea/Overfield p.89). The great riches and skilled military forces have served this Empire well to this day. The Turks also showed very little ignorance towards new advancements in technology originated in other parts of the world. ?There is no nation that has shown greater readin ess than the Turks to avail themselves of the useful inventions of foreigners, as is proved by their employment of cannons and mortars, and many other things invented by Christians? (Andrea/Overfield p.89). These open-minded and innovative new ways of becoming a powerful country greatly impressed De Busbecq. It is true that no empire is without flaw, and the Ottoman is no exception. The role of Sultan in the Ottoman Empire was a hereditary role, the exception to their other laws about leadership. ?The sons of a Turkish Sultans are in the most wretched position in the world, for, as soon as one of them succeeds his father, the rest are doomed to certain death? Andrea/Overfield p.90). The successor will certainly kill all the other sons

Prehistoric Stone Tools Categories and Terms

Prehistoric Stone Tools Categories and Terms Stone tools are the oldest surviving type of tool made by humans and our ancestorsthe earliest date to at least 1.7 million years ago. It is very likely that bone and wooden tools are also quite early, but organic materials simply dont survive as well as stone. This glossary of stone tool types includes a list of general categories of stone tools used by archaeologists, as well as some general terms pertaining to stone tools. General Terms for Stone Tools Artefact (or Artifact): An artifact (also spelled artefact) is an object or remainder of an object, which was created, adapted, or used by humans. The word artifact can refer to almost anything found at an archaeological site, including everything from landscape patterns to the tiniest of trace elements clinging to a potsherd: all stone tools are artifacts. Geofact: A geofact is a piece of stone with seemingly human-made edges that resulted from naturally broken or eroded, as opposed to one that was broken by purposeful human actions. If artifacts are products of human behaviors, geofacts are products of natural forces. Distinguishing between artifacts and geofacts can be tricky. Lithics: Archaeologists use the (slightly ungrammatical) term lithics to refer to all  artifacts made of stone. Assemblage: Assemblage refers to the entire collection of artifacts recovered from a single site. An artifact assemblage for an 18th century shipwreck might include artifact groups such as arm s, navigational equipment, personal effects, stores; one for a Lapita village might include stone tools, shell bracelets, and ceramics; one for an Iron Age village might include iron nails, fragments of bone combs and pins. Material Culture:  Ã‚  Material culture is used in archaeology and other anthropology-related fields to refer to all the corporeal, tangible objects that are created, used, kept and left behind by past and present cultures. Chipped Stone Tool Types A chipped stone tool is one that was made by flint knapping. The tool maker worked a piece of chert, flint, obsidian, silcrete or similar stone by flaking off pieces with a hammerstone or an ivory baton. Arrowheads / Projectile Points: Most people exposed to American western movies recognize the stone tool called an arrowhead, although archaeologists prefer the term projectile point for anything other than a stone tool fixed to the end of a shaft and shot with an arrow. Archaeologists prefer to use projectile point to refer to any object affixed to a pole or stick of some kind, which has been fashioned for use as a weapon, out of stone, metal, bone, or other material. One of the oldest tools of our sad race, the projectile point was (and is) primarily used to hunt animals for food; but was also used to fend off enemies of one sort or another. Handaxes: Handaxes, often referred to as Acheulean or Achuelian handaxes, are the oldest recognized formal stone tools, used between 1.7 million and 100,000 years ago. Crescents: Crescents (sometimes called lunates) are moon-shaped chipped stone objects which are found fairly rarely on Terminal Pleistocene and Early Holocene (roughly equivalent to Preclovis and Paleoindian) sites in the Western United States. Blades: Blades are chipped stone tools which are always at least twice as long as they are wide with sharp edges on the long edges. Drills/Gimlets: Blades or flakes which have been retouched to have pointed ends may be drills or gimlets: they are identified by the usewear on the working end and are often associated with bead making. Chipped Stone Scrapers Scrapers: A scraper is a chipped stone artifact that has been purposefully shaped with one or more longitudinal sharp edges. Scrapers come in any number of shapes and sizes, and may be carefully shaped and prepared, or simple a pebble with a sharp edge. Scrapers are working tools, made to help clean animals hides, butcher animal flesh, process plant material or any number of other functions. Burins: A burin is a scraper with a steeply notched cutting edge. Denticulates: Denticulates are scrapers with teeth, that is to say, small notched edges that protrude out. Turtle-Backed Scrapers: A turtle backed scraper is a scraper that in cross-section looks like a turtle. One side is humped like a turtles shell, while the other is flat. Often associated with animal hideworking. Spokeshave: A spokeshave is a scraper with a concave scraping edge Ground Stone Tool Types Tools made from ground stone, such as basalt, granite and other heavy, coarse stones, were pecked, ground and/or polished into useful shapes. Adzes: An adze (sometimes spelled adz) is a wood-working tool, similar to an axe or hachet. The shape of the adze is broadly rectangular like an axe, but the blade is attached at a right-angle to the handle rather than straight across. Celts (Polished Axes): A celt is a small axe, often beautifully finished and used to shape wooden objects. Grinding Stones: A grinding stone is a stone with a carved or pecked or ground indentation in which domesticated plants such as wheat or barley or wild ones such as nuts and were ground into flour. Making a Stone Tool Flint Knapping: Flint knapping is the process by which stone (or lithics tools were and are today made. Hammerstone: A hammerstone is the name for an object used as a prehistoric hammer, to create percussion fractures on another object. Debitage: Debitage [pronounced in English roughly DEB-ih-tahzhs] is the collective term used by archaeologists to refer to the sharp-edged waste material left over when someone creates a stone tool (knaps flint). Hunting Technology Atlatl: The atlatl is a sophisticated combination hunting tool or weapon, formed out of a short dart with a point socketed into a longer shaft. A leather strap hooked at the far end allowed the hunter to fling the atlatl over her shoulder, the pointed dart flying off in a deadly and accurate manner, from a safe distance.

Enterprise Rent-A-Car A Market-Driven Company Case Study

Enterprise Rent-A-Car A Market-Driven Company - Case Study Example In order to ensure that it meets it aim, the Enterprise relates to other institutions such as insurance toward providing proper services to its customers. The case analysis makes use of customer value funnel in order to realize the way the company relates to its macorenvironmental and microenviromental. The company acts as the biggest company offering the rental cars to the public. The macroenvironmental drivers include Society and subcultures, Demographics and Psychographics, Economic Factors, Natural-Physical Factors, Political-Legal Factors, Technological Factors while the microenviromental drivers include, Collaboration, Competition, Suppliers and Regulators.The company must always put proper strategies towards manipulating the macroenvironmental factors to help in delivering continuous value to the customer.Society and subcultures.The society and the existing subcultures is important when studying how the Enterprise strive towards ensuring continuous value to the customer. The E nterprise have to consider the essential needs of the society, which always affect the taste of the individuals about the product or service they consume. For instance, the company maintain the need for a friendly environment to ensure that it does not interfere with everyday activities of the residents. The company has established a fuel efficient rental car opportunity which is a step towards offsetting the amount of carbon released in the atmosphere. Demographics and Psychographics Study of demographic is significant since it helps in showing how the company is striving to serve its potential customers in a given geographic location. The company also consider the need to reach a wider part of the market in order to provide services for all their potential customers. The case study shows that the enterprise has established branches and is in the process of increasing its size in order command larger part of the market (Weinstein, 2012). This have allowed the company to offer local ized response to its potential customers. Economic Factors This refers to how the company relates to the global economy towards achieving profits. The case analysis shows that the Enterprise has been able to gain control in the North American rental car industry. This is a step towards enlarging the market share of the company which ultimately led to improvement in the profit. Technological Factors This refers to how the company is striving to improve its services to the customers through application of technological advancements. Technological advancement is significant for every contemporary firm especially when there is need to avoid becoming obsolete (Weinstein, 2012). The company looks forward to develop iPhone application

King James I of England (VI of Scotland) Research Paper

King James I of England (VI of Scotland) - Research Paper Example This paper seeks to explain why King James sought to the rigorous witch hunts particularly throughout Scotland and also why he did not rally the same in England. The paper starts with a brief introduction about King James’s road to monarchy, followed by the reasons behind his interest in demonology and witchcraft. This paper also explains some of the torture tactics that were used by the King and his company in order to persecute the witches and how the witch hunts initially began. Some of the content of the King’s book on the subject is also covered in the research paper in order to prove certain points from history and the King’s obsession with the idea and persecution of witches. Introduction King James I of England and VI of Scotland had had a rough past before he was crowned as the King of England in 1603, following the demise of Queen Elizabeth. Following the death of his mother, Queen Mary, at the age of thirteen months he was crowned as the King of Scotla nd. It is said that King James was amongst the most learned Kings in history, he knew a vast variety of languages due to which he did not need translators in order to perform trade deals. The fact that he ruled England and Scotland both comes as a surprise to many, since it is obvious that the Scott and the English have always remained at odds. Yet a Scott ruled England for a considerable period of time and was quite loved by the English, therefore it is said that King James united the English and Scott and was responsible for reducing the animosity that existed between the two (Mabry , 30-31). King James’s Interest in Demonology Demonology has been defined as the study of demons or of demonic belief (Merriam-Webster). Demonology was a topic that had gained immense popularity by the 16th century. Therefore at the time when King James started his scholarly career in the study of demonology, a lot of literature regarding the topic already existed to provide assistance. As a sub ject, demonology was restricted to the elite while the poor merely stuck to their beliefs regarding the devil and its worshippers. King James’s interest in Demonology is said to have its roots in his visit to Denmark, when he was going to see his future wife. On his visit, he met with the famous Danish demonologist Niels Hemmingsen, in 1589-1590. The idea of demonology was only remotely known in Scotland till it was taken interest in by King James; rather many of the scholars say that King James was the one who introduced the idea of Demonology in Scotland (Ryynanen , 1-39). King James was the only monarch in history to have studied and written a book on the subject of demonology. The title of the book was Daemonologie. Many scholars see the political inclinations of the book and argue that the third part of the book, with descriptions of the demons seems somewhat different than the first two parts and is thought to have been influenced by the political turmoil he had to face during the 1590s. On his visit to Denmark, King James was stuck in a terrible storm and that is what triggered his belief in the idea of witchcraft and demonology. The Witch Hunts While on his way to Denmark, the King’s ship was stuck in a dangerous storm, which was later confessed to have been a witch plot to take the life of King James. It was this confession in the 1590 that led to the rigorous witch hunt throughout Scotland in 1590 (Normand and Roberts). Amongst the very first instances of the persecutions during the witch hunt was that of Geillis Duncane, the maidservant of David Seaton - a deputy bailiff. Duncane was skilled in medicinal treatment through herbs. This skill led to her curing many of the people who came to her with various ailments. This

Describe Risks and Possible Consquences Essay Example for Free

Describe Risks and Possible Consquences Essay There are many risks involved for children using the internet. this may be that the child has innocently mistyped on the keyboard and are exposed to porongraphic images. Parents have the option to block certain things popping up on the computer screen Children use networking sites, such as facebook, they will state their name, their age, address etc, they will also post photos of themselves onto the wall. They should go onto the privacy settings and set to friends only this means that no frien that is on the list can see their profile. This is because a paedophile will pose as a teenager with similar interests and hobbies to gain friendship. They will try to gain your trust and want to meet you in person. They could also lie in wait for you if you have stated that you will be meeting friends in a certain park at a certain time. Paedophiles, groom children. Children can be bullied, either on the internet or by the use of a mobile phone Could be a lone person doing the bullying or a group of people. They can torment, threaten, tease etc anytime of the day or night. Always keep a copy of the types of messages and day and time thay were sent and inform an adult. This type of bullying will probably lower the childs self esteem and cause them to become depressed. Children can also be hooked on cult websites or a suicidal site where they make pacts with each other to end their own lives