Views in the Battle of Trenton essays

Perspectives in the Battle of Trenton expositions Regardless of Lack of assurance among Troops and Poor Supplies, Brilliant Washingto routs British On the morning of December 26the General Washington lead the American fources to another improbable triumph. Weeks before General Lee was captued by Lt.Col. Harcourt and couldn't go to the guide of Washington, in this way this debilitated our fources considerably more. Another blow was the retreat of General Greene. The New Jersey Militia additionally appeared in miniscule numbers, and deserttion was normal The British soldiers alongside the Hessians had been pursuing the American fources from New Brunswick, to Princeton, untill the pushed them once more into Pennslyvania. The British soldiers were spread out and not feeling any danger of the Amrican fources, other than a couple rapscalius New Jersey Milita Men who irritated them enough to give Washingto a hand. The foursight of Washinton lead him to have all the vessels along the Deleware gathered as to stop any method of further advancement by Howe. This worked and Howe decied not to persue Washinton any further. Washington set aside this effort to recover and design. The planning couldn't have been increasingly impeccable had God arranged it himself. Soon after dusk Washinton had his soldiers carried across to the New Jersey side while Col. Fitzgerald moved 2400 men, 18 guns and their hourses only south of Bristol and one south of Trenton. This was to catch any escaping Hessian Troops, who had been put there beforehand. The Weather was bone chilling virus. Because of this two men had allegedly solidified to death, however Washington walked the on. As karma would hve it the equivalent stoem caused Major Dechow to drop his day break patrole. The Drunken Corl. Rall was delayed to helper his soldiers from his Christmas delighting. All the Hessians were eased back by the jollies of the previous night and the calm Ameican volunteer army found them napping. In the pandamonium the three Hessian regiments were seperated and left uncovered. Wi ... <!

Laws of Life :: essays papers

Laws of Life Each contact with a person is so uncommon, so valuable, one should save it.(Anais Nin). This implies each individual one interacts with has an effect on his life. One ought to always remember the individuals who make a special effort to be pleasant to them. Impacts others have on my life are the most significant subtleties of my life. There have been numerous impacts on my life, three of which stand apart the most, my laws of life. One effect on my life is individuals. Miss Haferman is an individual who has impacted my life. She was my first grade educator. She was the most mindful and committed instructor I at any point had and she regarded each understudy as a person. Then again, she impacted my life. She is the individual who let me know there was no Santa Clause, which destroyed Christmas for me for quite a while. Someone else who has impacted my life is Mr. Robinson. He was my first band educator. He is the individual who persuaded me to join band, which helped me make numerous extraordinary companions and furthermore made school a good time for me. He likewise showed me how to play the clarinet. Presently, I love playing the clarinet and it could even get me a scolarship for school. Another effect on my life is occurrences. Moving to Tennessee was an occurrence that was extremely compelling on my life. One way it was powerful was losing all my old companions whom I had known as long as I can remember. They were a major piece of my life I despite everything lament regularly putting some distance between them. Moving to Tennessee was additionally persuasive in light of the fact that I needed to make new companions, and I turned out to be not so much timid but rather more friendly. My companions in Tennessee and my companions in Illinois are altogether different, however they are for the most part extremely incredible individuals. Another persuasive episode in my life is going to FCHS. Going to FCHS likewise made me lose a portion of my companions. Despite the fact that I lost those companions, I made numerous companions who are extremely decent. I additionally learned alot about who my genuine companions are. Society has likewise impacted my life. Princess Diana affected my life. One of the extraordinary things she did that impacted my life was the point at which she sold seventy-nine of her dresses and gave the cash to good cause.

Welfare1 essays

Welfare1 papers Open help, otherwise called government assistance, isn't free cash. Open help benefits numerous individuals who have a low pay or no methods for money by any stretch of the imagination. The advantages accessible depend fair and square of salary for various estimated families and in various states. Government assistance is additionally not to be given in a one-sided way to any individual who applies for it. Government assistance in the United States Federal and State Governments serve the monetarily tested through around 60 open help programs. Most hope to get help through one of the three significant projects. These projects are the human services programs Medicaid and Medicare, Aid to Families with Dependant Children (AFDC), or the nourishment stamps program. These are generally the focal points to open help. Despite the fact that the government assistance framework gives cash, clinical consideration, nourishment, lodging, or different things for a great many people out of luck, it places a gouge in the U.S.s economy. There are excesses of single jobless guardians, old, incapacitated, and other people who are in need the open help who either never get it or are reliant on it. However, there are as yet numerous issues in providing this to the poor, which is a worry many have. This paper will talk about the projects exclusively clarifying how great purposes can prompt a gouge in the economy. The U.S. Division of Health and Human Service supervise clinical consideration given to the poor and the older through Medicare protection or the fundamental administrations gave by Medicaid. The two of them have been around since the late 1960s and have developed with time and in 1977 Medicare was taken over by Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) (World Almanac). Assets shift from state to state. Medicare protects anybody beyond sixty five years old and those having certain impairing conditions. Medicaid wraps up the rest and is related more toward the penniless, and spots where administrations are completed as medicinal services. In certain circumstances, individuals who might have the option to pay for dai... <!

Listening to Pop Music - 275 Words

Solar Panels Perform Better when Listening to Pop Music (Essay Sample) Content: Solar Panels Perform Better when Listening to Pop MusicNameAffiliation According to researchers from Imperial College London, solar panels work harder when exposed to music frequencies; this is true for pop music as compared to classical music. The discovery states that sound vibrations that constitutes up music can make solar panels work harder and more effectively. The scientific explanation is that high pitched volume or sound from both rock and pop music increases the solar power output to considerable 47%. On the other hand, classical music is able to produce solar cell output power of 16% lower as compared to that of rock and pop music. According to James Durrant, a researcher at Imperials Department the research was just a coincidence since the organization was determining how sound could cancel each other with solar frequencies but this was in opposite as it amplified the solar output (Hasserodt, 2013). Studies have also shown that the application of this i dea in the contemporary society will be one of the most significant steps towards improving energy generation. This will reduce overreliance on hydropower and nuclear power. Scientists have supported this innovation since it is not only one of the cheapest method to improve power supply through solar panels, but also an environmental friendly initiative; Eco friendly. Since no scientific innovations lack downfalls, this is posed with limited industrial production as it only favors domestic use. This limitation comes on board since it is hard to channel large volumes of sound to produce an average amount of solar cell output. ...

The No Child Left Behind Act Of 2001 ( Nclb ) - 1007 Words

Perhaps the most controversial law enacted by President George W. Bush is the No Child Left behind Act of 2001 (NCLB). This is a landmark educational reform designed to improve student achievement and drastically change the culture of American’s schools. In fact, President Bush describes the law as the â€Å"cornerstone of his administration.† Because children are our future, President Bush wanted to ensure our neediest children were not left behind. This paper will discuss pros, cons, and impact on students, teachers, and parents of NCLB. www.ed.gov In this passage of No Child Left Behind, Congress reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), the principal federal law affecting education from kindergarten through high school. In amending ESEA, the new law represents a sweeping overhaul of federal efforts to support elementary and secondary education in the United States. This new law focuses on policy and distribution of funds to public schools. Most federal funds under NCLB are distributed to school districts whose populations that are representative of lower economic levels and culturally diverse populations, which consists of African Americans, Native Americans, Asians, and Latinos. Proponents of the No Child Left Behind Act claim that its mission is to diminishing the achievement gap by holding school districts and states accountable, encouraging the use of more flexible educational approaches, and supporting parent’s rights to school choiceShow MoreRelatedThe No Child Left Behind Act Of 2001 ( Nclb )1227 Words   |  5 PagesThe No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) is a United States Act of Congress that is a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, which included Title I, the government s flagship aid program for disadvantaged students. No Child Left behind was enacted with the intent to become a government aid program for disadvantaged students, and eventually raise the general education standards for the United States. This act was created with the idea to â€Å"close the achievement gap withRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind ( Nclb ) Act Of 2001 Essay1773 Words   |  8 PagesThis trend reached its climax with the implementation of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001. Over a decade has passed since the full implementation of this landmark legislation and many involved in education and pondering the true success of the program. Has the NCLB agenda improved the quality of learning in America or created a culture of failure that is hindering the efforts of educators? The primary goal of NCLB was to create a unified set of standards that would provide an equalRead MoreEffectiveness Of The No Child Left Behind Act Of 2001 ( Nclb )1613 Words   |  7 PagesThis study will focus on the effectiveness of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB). The NCLB Act of 2001 was a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA) (www.newamerica.org). The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 was a Great Society program that allocated federal funds for education and looked to hold schools accountable (www2.ed.gov). The NCLB Act of 2001 was passed through Congress in 2001 with bipartisan support and greatly increased the FederalRead MoreNo Child Left Behind Act Of 2001 ( Nclb ) And It Mandates882 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction What is No Child Left behind? This author discusses the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001(NCLB) and it mandates that every student in K-12 public schools will reach basic proficiency in math and reading by 2014. The goals of the accountability component of NCLB place emphasis on closing the achievement gap for all public school students, regardless of their socioeconomic status, ethnicity, or disabilities. The Federal Government mandates annual testing of all students in grades threeRead MoreHas the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 Been Successful?959 Words   |  4 PagesIn every school in the United States has students that fall behind in classes or don’t get proper education for them to be taught effectively. The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 was created to push students of all grade levels to keep up in their classes, homework and grades so they could become an idol citizen to society. Even though this act is supposed to keep students on the same page as others, research shows that isn’t th e case; that students Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) test scores areRead MoreHigh School and Act1525 Words   |  7 PagesNo Child Left Behind Act of 2001 The No Child Left Behind Act is designed to raise the achievement levels of subgroups of students such as African Americans, Latinos, low-income students, and special education students to a state-determined level of proficiency. However, since its introduction in 2001, it has received a lot of criticism. Some argue the ulterior motives of the Act while others commend its innovation and timing. With the Bush administration coming to an end, it is difficultRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act1670 Words   |  7 PagesStudent Succeeds Act Suzanne Hatton, BSW, LSW University of Kentucky-SW 630 Abstract This literature review seeks to explore the Every Student Succeeds Act (2015), a bipartisan reauthorization and revision to the No Child Left Behind Act (2002). The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) is the first law passed in fourteen years to address Reneeded changes to the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). Considered progressive and innovative at the time of its passage, NCLB was the most dramaticRead MoreEssay on The No Child Left Behind Act1440 Words   |  6 PagesInitiated in 2002, the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2001 intended to prevent the academic failures of educational institutions and individual students, as well as bridge achievement gaps between students. This act supports the basic standards of education reform across America; desiring to improve the learning outcomes of America’s youth. No Child Left Behind has left many to criticize the outcomes of the Act itself. Questions have risen concerning the effectiveness of NCLB, as well as the implicationsR ead MoreEducation Is A Central Need Of All People Around Over The World1543 Words   |  7 Pageswe will find some development projects. However, some of these succeed while others failed in achieving their goals. â€Å"The federal government instituted a number of other reforms, including a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA), to little or no avail† (Ginsburg Jill, 2013). Furthermore, policymakers do not take a rest from struggles to develop the education system. They continue to argument and make main education reforms such as new academic standards, newRead MoreEducation Is A Central Need Of All People Around Over The World1543 Words   |  7 Pageswe will find some development projects. However, some of these succeed while others failed in achieving their goals. â€Å"The federal government instituted a number of other reforms, including a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA), to little o r no avail† (Ginsburg Jill, 2013). Furthermore, policymakers do not take a rest from struggles to develop the education system. They continue to argument and make main education reforms such as new academic standards, new

Douglas and mcgregors theories free essay sample

American psychologist and a founder of humanistic psychology who developed a hierarchical model of human motivation, in which a higher need, ultimately that for self-actualisation, is expressed only after lower needs are fulfilled. Self-actualisation needs Self-actualization is the fulfilment of the person’s dreams and aspirations. â€Å"Even if all these needs are satisfied, we may still often (if not always) expect that a new discontent and restlessness will soon develop, unless the individual is doing what he or she, individually, is fitted for. Musicians must make music, artists must paint, poet’s must write if they are to be ultimately at peace with themselves. What humans can be, they must be. They must be true to their own nature. This need we may call self-actualization. For example, British Gas and EDF employees need to have self-actualization for the work value. The company’s are committed to helping their employees fulfil their potential. They are committed to identify potential, proving development and career opportunities, empowering them to make a difference in their business. The company’s will support their workers with ongoing general and specialist training, accessible learning and development to give their employees a chance for professional qualifications. The invest in people and take development very seriously as their success simply depends on them. British Gas has an Academy to train and support new employees. They helped to develop and refocus training facilities to handle the extra training equipment in recruiting. British Gas also offers an arrangement for Service employees to work form home. EDF have put a range of world class development programmes in place at varying levels within the company to develop employee skills and competencies. EDF Energy workers have access to a suite of made to measure international programmes in their Corporate University. These are delivered in conjunction with leading business school around the world. Esteem and status needs Esteem and status is when a person respects themselves and is respected. â€Å"All people in our society (with few pathological expectations) have need or desire for a stable, firmly based, usually high evaluation of themselves, for self-respect or self-esteem, and for the esteem for others. These needs may therefore be classified into two subsidiary sets. These are, first, the desire for strength, achievement, adequacy, mastery and competence, confidence in the face of world, and independence and freedom. Second, we have what we may ca;; the desire for reputation or prestige (defining it as respect or esteem from other people), status, fame and glory, dominance, recognition, attention, importance, dignity, or appreciation â€Å". British Gas and EDF, both have open, honest culture that’s based on mutual trust and respect. British Gas provides feedback system, which id build on receiving feedback from its employees and listening to their needs, trying to satisfy them in order to achieve company progression. EDF offers an annual survey for its workers to better their work place. Belonging needs When they are unsatisfied, a person will feel keenly the absence of friends, mate, or children. Such a person will hunger for relations with people in general for a place in the group or family-and will strive with great intensity to achieve this goal. Attaining such a place will matter more than anything else in the world and he or she may even forget that once, when hunger was foremost, love seemed unreal, unnecessary, and unimportant. Now the pangs of loneliness, ostracism, rejection, friendlessness, and rootlessness are pre-eminent. „Both British Gas and EDF make sure that the workplace is as much friendly as it can be they emphasise on teamwork and communication which gives the employees greater sense of belonging. They often organize land trips or short holidays to boost the workers libido and bring them closer together in obvious reason to maximise the company’s profits. Safety and security needs Examples of safety and security are a roof overhead and a locked safe. If the physiological needs are relatively well gratified, there then emerges a new set of needs, which we may categorize roughly as the safety needs. † For British Gas, health, safety and security of their employees is their priority. Their occupational health teams and well established systems are gathered to support a worker in maintaining a productive and healthy life with their company. It is a company that makes a good workplace. Inside the firm, the image is very rosy, with staff among the happiest on the country list. The company also has a reputation for paying well (last year it ranked third overall in that category) and for high levels of job satisfaction. They offer an employee discount for energy prices, healthy eating plan. It also includes healthy-living resources for staff working in a variety of environments, including those based in offices and those working in the field. EDF offers flexible working arrangements, generous levels of maternity and adoption pay, career breaks. Pensions at EDF Energy employees with a final salary pension scheme, which is often seen as the gold standard in pension provision. Running this scheme means our employees can plan for their retirement with confidence. They also provide protection for your family upon your retirement by providing pensions for your dependents and life assurance at four times your pensionable pay, bonus schemes. They offer annual surveys for employees to better the work place. Physiological needs Physiological needs are things we need to do merely to survive. Survival activities include eating, sleeping, and breathing that is, anything the physical organism needs to survive, very fundamental life or death needs. Here again, we could mention British Gas offering its employees a healthy eating plan. Both EDF and British Gas offers free drinking water at every office, hot beverage, they are providing workers with uniforms, toilet and bathroom facilities. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Maslows Hierarchy of Needs What are the advantages? The advantage of this theory is that it motivates individuals to move from fundamental needs toward higher needs, providing a clear map for personal growth. Physiological-the managers should give employees appropriate salaries to purchase the basic necessities of life. Breaks and eating opportunities should be given to workers. Safety needs-the managers should provide the employees job security, safe and hygienic work environment, and retirement benefits so as to retain them. Social needs-the management should encourage teamwork and organize social events. Esteem needs-the managers can appreciate and reward employees on accomplishing and exceeding their targets. The management can give the deserved employee higher job rank / position in the organization. Self-actualization needs-the managers can give the employees challenging jobs in which the employees’ skills and competencies are fully utilized. Moreover, growth opportunities can be given to them so that they can reach the peak. The managers must identify the need level at which the employee is existing and then those needs can be utilized as push for motivation. What are the disadvantages? It fails to explain why some individuals prefer to ignore lesser needs in search of higher ones, such as when individuals choose to forgo paying rent in order to take a vacation. Also, people can fulfil their higher-level needs when unexpected circumstances may suddenly threaten their much shorter-term needs, furthering complexity. Therefore, such an approach is easier on a small scale than a large group. The most basic needs are physiological, hence the need for food, air to breathe, go to toilet and to have sex are the most basic of these needs. On this level, the disadvantage of the Hierarchy of needs is, for example the strong urge to have sex can and does result in some bizarre situations. Smart people have done stupid things for sex. Presidents have been shamed, famous people have been found in compromising situations, careers have been lost and lives have been broken because of this strong sexual need. This is a huge disadvantage of the Hierarchy of needs. A team of psychologists have updated a cornerstone of modern psychology — Abraham Maslow’s pyramid of needs. According to experts, Maslow’s time-tested pyramid, first proposed in the 1940’ s, needed to be updated to reflect the last 50 years of research. The revising of Maslow’s pyramid reflects new findings and theory from fields like neuroscience, developmental psychology or evolutionary psychology. According to Maslow, if you are starving and craving food that will trump all other goals. But if you are satisfied on one level, you move to the next. So, once you are well fed, you worry about safety. Once you are safe, you worry about affection and esteem and so forth. Perhaps most famously, at the top of Maslow’s pyramid sat the need for self-actualization – the desire to fulfil one’s own unique creative potential. The bottom four levels of the new pyramid are highly compatible with Maslow’s, but big changes are at the top. Perhaps the most controversial modification is that self actualization no longer appears on the pyramid at all. At the top of the new pyramid are three evolutionarily critical motives that Maslow overlooked – mate acquisition, mate retention and parenting. For humans reproduction is not just about sex and producing children. It’s also about raising those children to the age at which they can reproduce as well. Consequently, parenting sits atop the revamped pyramid. For Maslow, once a need was met, it disappeared as the individual moved on to the next level. In the reworked pyramid, needs overlap one another and coexist, instead of completely replacing each other. For example, certain environmental cues can make them come back. If you are walking down the street thinking about love, art or the meaning of life, you will revert quickly to the self-protection level if you see an ominous-looking gang of young men headed your way. Douglas McGregor, an American social psychologist, proposed his famous X-Y theory in his 1960 book The Human Side Of Enterprise. McGregors ideas suggest that there are two fundamental approaches to managing people. Many managers tend towards theory x, and generally get poor results. Enlightened managers use theory y, which produces better performance and results, and allows people to grow and develop. Theory x (authoritarian management style)-centralised structure The average person dislikes work and will avoid it he/she can Therefore most people must be forced with the threat of punishment to work towards organisational objectives The average person prefers to be directed; to avoid responsibility; is relatively unambitious, and wants security above all else For example, working for British Gas or EDF- the manager has to be under close supervision and controlled through reward and punishment therefore the employee might become demotivated from too much pressure. Under Theory X, managers leadership styles are likely to be autocratic, which may create resistance on the part of subordinates. Communication flow is more likely to be downward from manager to the subordinates. In regard to control, Theory X is likely to result in external control, with the manager acting as a performance judge, the focus is generally on the past. Theory y (participative management style)-decentralized structure Effort in work is as natural as work and play People will apply self-control and self-direction in the pursuit of organisational objectives, without external control or the threat of punishment Commitment to objectives is a function of rewards associated with their achievement People usually accept and often seek responsibility The capacity to use a high degree of imagination, ingenuity and creativity in solving organisational problems is widely, not narrowly, distributed in the population. In industry the intellectual potential of the average person is only partly utilised. For example the EDF or British Gas-manager stimulates the employees, arranging organizational conditions and methods of operation so that people can achieve their own goals by directing their efforts toward organizational objectives, hence the de-centralised power. Given the opportunity, employees will display self-motivation to put forth the effort necessary to achieve the organizations goals. EDF’s Energy’s commitment to equal opportunities and outlines the company’s intention to develop and apply procedures that do not discriminate on the grounds of colour, disability, ethnic origin, gender, gender reassignment, marital status, nationality, race, religion or belief, sexual orientation or on the basis of part time working. It aims to prevent discrimination against employees, third party workers such as contractors and agency staff, suppliers, customers and members of the public. Thus, avoiding responsibility is not an inherent quality of human nature; individuals will actually seek it out under the proper conditions. Theory Y also assumes that the ability to be innovative and creative exists among a large, rather than a small segment of the population. Finally, it assumes that rather than valuing security above all other rewards associated with work, individuals desire rewards that satisfy their self-esteem and self-actualization needs which are so widely described in a Maslow theory. Example, British Gas which provides a flexible and comprehensive reward package to recruit, reward and retain high-calibre people. Theory Y leadership should increase communication flow, especially in the upward direction and approaches to the management included decentralization of decision-making authority, delegation, job enlargement, and participative management. How does it all work in today’s word? McGregors work on Theory X and Theory Y has had a significant impact on management thought and practice. In terms of the practice of management, the workplace of the early twenty-first century, with its emphasis on self-managed work teams and other forms of worker involvement programs, is generally consistent with the precepts of Theory Y. There is every indication that such programs will continue to increase, at least to the extent that evidence of their success begins to accumulate. These were two different theories of motivation-Maslow and McGregor theories. The first is based on needs and the second one on motivation/stimulation. Although, motivation is the key to achieving every small aspect of our lives, it is crucial to motivate people to work in order to reach goals. Motivation is good. Apart from the benefit and moral value of an altruistic approach to treating colleagues as human beings and respecting human dignity in all its form, research and observations show that well motivated employees are more productive and creative. The inverse also holds true. The schematic indicates the potential contribution the practical application of the principles this paper has on reducing work content in the organisation. The Times Business case of studies (online), Economist (online), Psychology about (online),Deeprmind (online, entered on the 5th of Feb 2014

Ming And Ottoman Empires Essays - Ottoman Turks,

Ming And Ottoman Empires Timothy S. Palko World History II Dr. Skaff MWF 2:00-2:50 World power can be seen today in two very different but extremely vast empires. They are the Ming Empire and the Ottoman Empire. To contrast these empires in order to predict their futures, it is necessary that I observe and analyze key factors such as leadership, military strengths and weaknesses, and morals among the people. The two empires have different types of leadership, and from this it is possible to find the core of any disadvantage. From the leadership, it is possible to continue into the military and values that these empires embody. The Ming Empire is led by brilliant philosophical scholars, ?The man who is promoted to the higher degrees in this field prides himself on the fact that he has in truth attained to the pinnacle of Chinese happiness? (Andrea/Overfield 116). The Ottoman Empire has dedicated and knowledgeable leaders as well, but they are of a more warlike and brutish character. ?These leaders rise in service by merit alone? (Andrea/Overfield p.88). Indulging in the writings of Matteo Ricci, who observed first hand the workings of the Ming government, and the writings of Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, who observed the government under Suleiman I of the Ottoman Empire, the prediction of success will be able to be made knowledgably. The Ottoman Empire began around 1300 as a ?tiny state built on the strength of an army of Turkish nomad warriors and a few Christian converts to Islam in northwestern Anatolia? (Bulliet 601). It quickly proved to be a military strength and threat to the surrounding civilizations. The Turks expanded their empire through brilliant military tactics, including using Janissaries on foot, who used the new weapon called a gun in battle, and the same horseback archery that made them so successful in their previous military accomplishments. The selection of Turkish leaders has greatly influenced the success of the Ottoman Empire. ?A Turks grandeur is not defined by his birth, however; the respect to be paid to a man is measured by the position he holds in the public service? (Andrea/Overfield 88). The men who attain office are not the products of hereditary luck, but ?partly the gift of God, and partly the result of good training, great industry, and unwearied zeal? (Andrea/Overfield p.88). D e Busbecq was greatly impressed by the way that these Turks found their leadership; he made it a point to describe their feelings towards it in detail. De Busbecq also wrote extensively about the military strengths of the Ottoman. The soldiers of the Ottoman army are well trained and experienced in the arts of warfare and survival. The distances they must travel are so great, that the soldiers often have to carry a pack horse ?on which they carry many of the necessaries of life? (Andrea/Overfield 89). The weapon that was affluent and extremely effective among the soldiers is the Turkish bow. ?From the eighth, or even the seventh year of age they begin to shoot at a mark, and practice archery ten or twelve years. This constant exercise strengthens the muscles of their arms, and gives them such skill that they can hit the smallest marks with their arrows? (Andrea/Overfield p.89). The great riches and skilled military forces have served this Empire well to this day. The Turks also showed very little ignorance towards new advancements in technology originated in other parts of the world. ?There is no nation that has shown greater readin ess than the Turks to avail themselves of the useful inventions of foreigners, as is proved by their employment of cannons and mortars, and many other things invented by Christians? (Andrea/Overfield p.89). These open-minded and innovative new ways of becoming a powerful country greatly impressed De Busbecq. It is true that no empire is without flaw, and the Ottoman is no exception. The role of Sultan in the Ottoman Empire was a hereditary role, the exception to their other laws about leadership. ?The sons of a Turkish Sultans are in the most wretched position in the world, for, as soon as one of them succeeds his father, the rest are doomed to certain death? Andrea/Overfield p.90). The successor will certainly kill all the other sons

Prehistoric Stone Tools Categories and Terms

Prehistoric Stone Tools Categories and Terms Stone tools are the oldest surviving type of tool made by humans and our ancestorsthe earliest date to at least 1.7 million years ago. It is very likely that bone and wooden tools are also quite early, but organic materials simply dont survive as well as stone. This glossary of stone tool types includes a list of general categories of stone tools used by archaeologists, as well as some general terms pertaining to stone tools. General Terms for Stone Tools Artefact (or Artifact): An artifact (also spelled artefact) is an object or remainder of an object, which was created, adapted, or used by humans. The word artifact can refer to almost anything found at an archaeological site, including everything from landscape patterns to the tiniest of trace elements clinging to a potsherd: all stone tools are artifacts. Geofact: A geofact is a piece of stone with seemingly human-made edges that resulted from naturally broken or eroded, as opposed to one that was broken by purposeful human actions. If artifacts are products of human behaviors, geofacts are products of natural forces. Distinguishing between artifacts and geofacts can be tricky. Lithics: Archaeologists use the (slightly ungrammatical) term lithics to refer to all  artifacts made of stone. Assemblage: Assemblage refers to the entire collection of artifacts recovered from a single site. An artifact assemblage for an 18th century shipwreck might include artifact groups such as arm s, navigational equipment, personal effects, stores; one for a Lapita village might include stone tools, shell bracelets, and ceramics; one for an Iron Age village might include iron nails, fragments of bone combs and pins. Material Culture:  Ã‚  Material culture is used in archaeology and other anthropology-related fields to refer to all the corporeal, tangible objects that are created, used, kept and left behind by past and present cultures. Chipped Stone Tool Types A chipped stone tool is one that was made by flint knapping. The tool maker worked a piece of chert, flint, obsidian, silcrete or similar stone by flaking off pieces with a hammerstone or an ivory baton. Arrowheads / Projectile Points: Most people exposed to American western movies recognize the stone tool called an arrowhead, although archaeologists prefer the term projectile point for anything other than a stone tool fixed to the end of a shaft and shot with an arrow. Archaeologists prefer to use projectile point to refer to any object affixed to a pole or stick of some kind, which has been fashioned for use as a weapon, out of stone, metal, bone, or other material. One of the oldest tools of our sad race, the projectile point was (and is) primarily used to hunt animals for food; but was also used to fend off enemies of one sort or another. Handaxes: Handaxes, often referred to as Acheulean or Achuelian handaxes, are the oldest recognized formal stone tools, used between 1.7 million and 100,000 years ago. Crescents: Crescents (sometimes called lunates) are moon-shaped chipped stone objects which are found fairly rarely on Terminal Pleistocene and Early Holocene (roughly equivalent to Preclovis and Paleoindian) sites in the Western United States. Blades: Blades are chipped stone tools which are always at least twice as long as they are wide with sharp edges on the long edges. Drills/Gimlets: Blades or flakes which have been retouched to have pointed ends may be drills or gimlets: they are identified by the usewear on the working end and are often associated with bead making. Chipped Stone Scrapers Scrapers: A scraper is a chipped stone artifact that has been purposefully shaped with one or more longitudinal sharp edges. Scrapers come in any number of shapes and sizes, and may be carefully shaped and prepared, or simple a pebble with a sharp edge. Scrapers are working tools, made to help clean animals hides, butcher animal flesh, process plant material or any number of other functions. Burins: A burin is a scraper with a steeply notched cutting edge. Denticulates: Denticulates are scrapers with teeth, that is to say, small notched edges that protrude out. Turtle-Backed Scrapers: A turtle backed scraper is a scraper that in cross-section looks like a turtle. One side is humped like a turtles shell, while the other is flat. Often associated with animal hideworking. Spokeshave: A spokeshave is a scraper with a concave scraping edge Ground Stone Tool Types Tools made from ground stone, such as basalt, granite and other heavy, coarse stones, were pecked, ground and/or polished into useful shapes. Adzes: An adze (sometimes spelled adz) is a wood-working tool, similar to an axe or hachet. The shape of the adze is broadly rectangular like an axe, but the blade is attached at a right-angle to the handle rather than straight across. Celts (Polished Axes): A celt is a small axe, often beautifully finished and used to shape wooden objects. Grinding Stones: A grinding stone is a stone with a carved or pecked or ground indentation in which domesticated plants such as wheat or barley or wild ones such as nuts and were ground into flour. Making a Stone Tool Flint Knapping: Flint knapping is the process by which stone (or lithics tools were and are today made. Hammerstone: A hammerstone is the name for an object used as a prehistoric hammer, to create percussion fractures on another object. Debitage: Debitage [pronounced in English roughly DEB-ih-tahzhs] is the collective term used by archaeologists to refer to the sharp-edged waste material left over when someone creates a stone tool (knaps flint). Hunting Technology Atlatl: The atlatl is a sophisticated combination hunting tool or weapon, formed out of a short dart with a point socketed into a longer shaft. A leather strap hooked at the far end allowed the hunter to fling the atlatl over her shoulder, the pointed dart flying off in a deadly and accurate manner, from a safe distance.

Enterprise Rent-A-Car A Market-Driven Company Case Study

Enterprise Rent-A-Car A Market-Driven Company - Case Study Example In order to ensure that it meets it aim, the Enterprise relates to other institutions such as insurance toward providing proper services to its customers. The case analysis makes use of customer value funnel in order to realize the way the company relates to its macorenvironmental and microenviromental. The company acts as the biggest company offering the rental cars to the public. The macroenvironmental drivers include Society and subcultures, Demographics and Psychographics, Economic Factors, Natural-Physical Factors, Political-Legal Factors, Technological Factors while the microenviromental drivers include, Collaboration, Competition, Suppliers and Regulators.The company must always put proper strategies towards manipulating the macroenvironmental factors to help in delivering continuous value to the customer.Society and subcultures.The society and the existing subcultures is important when studying how the Enterprise strive towards ensuring continuous value to the customer. The E nterprise have to consider the essential needs of the society, which always affect the taste of the individuals about the product or service they consume. For instance, the company maintain the need for a friendly environment to ensure that it does not interfere with everyday activities of the residents. The company has established a fuel efficient rental car opportunity which is a step towards offsetting the amount of carbon released in the atmosphere. Demographics and Psychographics Study of demographic is significant since it helps in showing how the company is striving to serve its potential customers in a given geographic location. The company also consider the need to reach a wider part of the market in order to provide services for all their potential customers. The case study shows that the enterprise has established branches and is in the process of increasing its size in order command larger part of the market (Weinstein, 2012). This have allowed the company to offer local ized response to its potential customers. Economic Factors This refers to how the company relates to the global economy towards achieving profits. The case analysis shows that the Enterprise has been able to gain control in the North American rental car industry. This is a step towards enlarging the market share of the company which ultimately led to improvement in the profit. Technological Factors This refers to how the company is striving to improve its services to the customers through application of technological advancements. Technological advancement is significant for every contemporary firm especially when there is need to avoid becoming obsolete (Weinstein, 2012). The company looks forward to develop iPhone application

King James I of England (VI of Scotland) Research Paper

King James I of England (VI of Scotland) - Research Paper Example This paper seeks to explain why King James sought to the rigorous witch hunts particularly throughout Scotland and also why he did not rally the same in England. The paper starts with a brief introduction about King James’s road to monarchy, followed by the reasons behind his interest in demonology and witchcraft. This paper also explains some of the torture tactics that were used by the King and his company in order to persecute the witches and how the witch hunts initially began. Some of the content of the King’s book on the subject is also covered in the research paper in order to prove certain points from history and the King’s obsession with the idea and persecution of witches. Introduction King James I of England and VI of Scotland had had a rough past before he was crowned as the King of England in 1603, following the demise of Queen Elizabeth. Following the death of his mother, Queen Mary, at the age of thirteen months he was crowned as the King of Scotla nd. It is said that King James was amongst the most learned Kings in history, he knew a vast variety of languages due to which he did not need translators in order to perform trade deals. The fact that he ruled England and Scotland both comes as a surprise to many, since it is obvious that the Scott and the English have always remained at odds. Yet a Scott ruled England for a considerable period of time and was quite loved by the English, therefore it is said that King James united the English and Scott and was responsible for reducing the animosity that existed between the two (Mabry , 30-31). King James’s Interest in Demonology Demonology has been defined as the study of demons or of demonic belief (Merriam-Webster). Demonology was a topic that had gained immense popularity by the 16th century. Therefore at the time when King James started his scholarly career in the study of demonology, a lot of literature regarding the topic already existed to provide assistance. As a sub ject, demonology was restricted to the elite while the poor merely stuck to their beliefs regarding the devil and its worshippers. King James’s interest in Demonology is said to have its roots in his visit to Denmark, when he was going to see his future wife. On his visit, he met with the famous Danish demonologist Niels Hemmingsen, in 1589-1590. The idea of demonology was only remotely known in Scotland till it was taken interest in by King James; rather many of the scholars say that King James was the one who introduced the idea of Demonology in Scotland (Ryynanen , 1-39). King James was the only monarch in history to have studied and written a book on the subject of demonology. The title of the book was Daemonologie. Many scholars see the political inclinations of the book and argue that the third part of the book, with descriptions of the demons seems somewhat different than the first two parts and is thought to have been influenced by the political turmoil he had to face during the 1590s. On his visit to Denmark, King James was stuck in a terrible storm and that is what triggered his belief in the idea of witchcraft and demonology. The Witch Hunts While on his way to Denmark, the King’s ship was stuck in a dangerous storm, which was later confessed to have been a witch plot to take the life of King James. It was this confession in the 1590 that led to the rigorous witch hunt throughout Scotland in 1590 (Normand and Roberts). Amongst the very first instances of the persecutions during the witch hunt was that of Geillis Duncane, the maidservant of David Seaton - a deputy bailiff. Duncane was skilled in medicinal treatment through herbs. This skill led to her curing many of the people who came to her with various ailments. This

Describe Risks and Possible Consquences Essay Example for Free

Describe Risks and Possible Consquences Essay There are many risks involved for children using the internet. this may be that the child has innocently mistyped on the keyboard and are exposed to porongraphic images. Parents have the option to block certain things popping up on the computer screen Children use networking sites, such as facebook, they will state their name, their age, address etc, they will also post photos of themselves onto the wall. They should go onto the privacy settings and set to friends only this means that no frien that is on the list can see their profile. This is because a paedophile will pose as a teenager with similar interests and hobbies to gain friendship. They will try to gain your trust and want to meet you in person. They could also lie in wait for you if you have stated that you will be meeting friends in a certain park at a certain time. Paedophiles, groom children. Children can be bullied, either on the internet or by the use of a mobile phone Could be a lone person doing the bullying or a group of people. They can torment, threaten, tease etc anytime of the day or night. Always keep a copy of the types of messages and day and time thay were sent and inform an adult. This type of bullying will probably lower the childs self esteem and cause them to become depressed. Children can also be hooked on cult websites or a suicidal site where they make pacts with each other to end their own lives

Prose as Poetry in The English Patient :: English Patient Essays

Prose as Poetry in The English Patient "Never again will a single story be told as though it is only one." John Berger. The English Patient consists of the stories of its four characters told either by themselves or by Ondaatje. Two stories, the accounts of Kip's military service and the many-layered secrets of the patient, are developed while Hana's and Caravaggio's stories are less involved. However, none of these stories could stand alone. The clash of cultures and changing relationships between the characters provide the texture for the novel. They create a complex web in which everyone becomes entangled. Ondaatje uses an extremely complex structure and poetic language to further the interweaving of the characters' lives. According to one critic, "The author's four stories are not a story that gathers momentum from start to finish. They are the widening and fading circles on a pond into which history has plunged like a cast stone." (Eder 203). "The overall structure of the book is circular and allusive, advancing, rounding back on itself, coming to endings that are not necessarily resolutions, and which may be connected to other starting points." (Draper 204). The novel begins en medias reis with the burned English patient already installed in an upper room of the villa. It is near the end of the war. The other doctors and nurses have left leaving only the patient and his nurse. He can only give short, vague descriptions of exploring the Liberian desert. When Kip and Caravaggio enter Ondaatje interlaces flashbacks to give the reader glimpses of their pasts. The novel has third person, but often characters revert to the first person to tell their own story. The least is learned about Hana's past. Most of what is known about her childhood in Toronto is given by Caravaggio. As the novel progresses the English patient's flashbacks become longer, more detailed and coherent. The farther into the novel the farther into the past he recalls. Ondaatje moves toward the denouement obliquely, avoiding standard conventions of plot and narrative voice. The English patient's story is the oldest narrative material, the center around which the rest of the book builds. His story lies at the center of the book, just as the patient himself lies at the center of the villa. " The dialog is pften not substantial enough to carry the deep emotions of the characters, so Ondaatje often relies on intierior monologue.

Gender, Authority and Dissent in English Mystical Writers Essay

The Book of Margery Kempe certainly provoked an intense amount of controversy, not least in the present but in her own time as well; a debate that centred on her position as a mystic. This position entailed having true knowledge of God, to work towards a union with him where they would essentially become one. Margery Kempe, at the very least views herself to be one of God’s vessels through which He can allow her to experience spiritual visions and feelings. It is in her book that Kempe conveys through words what she considered to be the most significant of these experiences, in order that those who read them would derive ‘great comfort and solace’. It is Kempe’s ‘individual and brilliant adaptation of what was originally a discipline for cloistered elites’1 that draws attention to her. Yet it is this individual voice, the style she uses, and her firm relationship with the market world that questions her experiences of higher contemplation. Certainly Kempe does not conform to the solitary life of a conventional mystic, much like Richard Rolle’s statement of ‘running off’ into the woods, and at one point she is even â€Å"sorrowful and grieving† because she has no company. Yet she uses many of her interactions with others to confirm her position as a mystic. She visits the revered mystic Julian of Norwich to seek advice as to whether her visions were genuine or not (Chapter 18), and receives confirmation from Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury. Essentially what it has been suggested that Kempe experiences is a higher level of contemplation – positive mysticism. This was the search for God through human imagery, which ‘insists on the physical as a legitimate means of access to the spiritual’.2 Certainly one of the standard patterns in mystical experience were the feelings of love between the mystic and God which is often described as fire, hence Rolle’s ‘Incendium Amoris’. Kempe notes that there was an ‘unquenchable fire of love which burnt full sore in her soul’, and that Christ had set her soul ‘all on fire with love’. Thus the intensity of her visions can not be brought into question as ‘she certainly shares with [the tradition] a mystical sense of God at work in human experiences’.3 These human experiences included her own body, as she suffers illness and indulgences in self-mutilation, wearing a haircloth, fasting and even biting her hand so violently that she has to be tied down. However, the visions that Kempe experiences, as mystics viewed them as gifts, are not a product of studious praying and meditating. In most ways what she conveys is an imitation of what many female European mystics experienced, like Bridget of Sweden and Dorothy of Montou or Catherine of Siena. She seeks justification for her mystical standing by linking herself closely to others and, though illiterate receives much of her inspiration from such mystical texts as ‘Incendium Amoris’, ‘Stimulus Amoris’, and Walter Hilton’s ‘Scale of Perfection’. However, as Glasscoe has pointed out, her spiritual experiences were not an easy thing for Kempe to meditate on. Whereas Hilton focused on inner spiritual growth, Kempe can only explain her transcende nce through what was familiar to her – the body.4 She even says that ‘sometimes, what she understood physically was to be understood spiritually’. Thus, whereas her visions may at many points seem extreme and even distasteful it does not necessarily mean that she was experiencing anything less than what is considered mystical. What also inspires Kempe, whilst also bringing into question her status as a mystic is the fact that she was a woman who was firmly placed in the world. David Aers describes her as an independent businesswoman, who before her initial vision was active in the market economy, investing money, organising public work and employing men.5 Mysticism was overwhelmingly contemplative, and there was not much spoke about the ‘active life’, with the exception of Walter Hilton’s positive description of the ‘mixed life’. However instead of accepting that she is â€Å"too busy with worldly occupations that must be attended to’6, like Hilton proposed, Kempe integrates the economic world into her mysticism. Shelia Delany proposed that in her work ‘one is constantly aware of the cash nexus’. 7 This is true in the sense that Kempe even strikes a deal with Jesus, in the sense that he becomes the mediator between Kempe’s social responsibilities as a wife and her desire to lead the spiritual life. Through Christ’s help she can lead the chaste life by buying off her husband, hence paying off all his debts (Chapter 11. p.60). Atkinson, commented that what Kempe creates is a ‘God, who controlled the economy of salvation, [and] functioned as a great banker of a merchant prince†.8 Also Kempe’s drive for ‘more’ is also indicative of her market drive values, in the same sense that she sees that by giving charity to her fellow Christians she will receive in heaven ‘double reward’. This unusual market driven line of thought is not the only factor that distinguishes her from her predecessors. Her style of writing is different and her visions are certainly unique. She actively takes part in many of the experiences, using speech, as Carol Coulson has suggested to inject herself into the holy narrative,9 even at one point acting as the handmaiden to God, and as a replacement to the biblical figure – Mary Magdalene. Her first vision is also very personal, and in some ways domesticated. Jesus is said to have appeared ‘in the likeness of a man†¦clad in a mantle of purple silk, sitting upon her bedside’. The Incarnation is taken to the extreme, where her visions sometimes sit outside the historical moments of the Bible and become part of her own world. Despite distancing herself by calling herself the ‘creature’ throughout the text many have accused her work of being self-absorbed – ‘I have told you before that you are a singular lover of God, and therefore you shall have a singular love in heaven, a singular reward and a singular honour’. Certainly her relations with God are very personal, and in many ways conveyed in sexual terms, as when Christ says to her ‘Daughter, you greatly desire to see me, and you may boldly, when you are in bed, take me to you as your wedded husband’. However, again this ‘great pomp and pride’, is said to emerge from her experience as a female within an urban class which fostered within her a strong sense of class identity and self-value.10 A self-value that she never really agrees to give up, thus because she refuses to traditionally quieten the self, Kempe does not sit comfortably as a mystic. Similarly she never really abandons her desire for worldly goods. She even admits in the first chapters that after her initial vision she refused to give up her worldly leisure’s, and still took delight in earthly things. This earthiness continues throughout the book. At one point she explains that she was embarrassed ‘because she was not dressed as she would have liked to have been for lack of money, and wishing to go about unrecognised until she could arrange a loan she held a handkerchief in front of her face’. This embarrassment does not hold well with the lower stage of mysticism in which the visionary is to dispel themselves of all earthly matters so that their soul is open to heaven. Her mysticism is driven to accumulate. She refuses to ‘be content with the goods that God has sent her’, whilst ‘ever [desiring] more and more’. From God she can attain spiritual status, whilst through her (father’s) social position she maintains earthly standing, thus she is caught between two (masculine) worlds. As David Aers has noted the market world never really receives rebuke in her mystical world, in fact it remains a natural part of it.11 Yet to see her as the victim of a capitalist society is, as Glasscoe maintains, to ignore her avowed purpose.12 Yet it is hard to ignore the element of hysteria in her work. She certainly experiences the traditional mystical dilemma that her visions will never be truly conveyed to those who stand outside it, that ‘herself could never tell the grace that she felt, it was so heavenly, so high above her reason and her bodily wits†¦that she might never express it within her world like she felt it in her soul’. However her Gift of Tears, in which she cries ‘abundantly and violently’, break quite brutally this silence of contemplation. It may be however that her loud screams and cries convey her devotion and justify her higher state. Certainly tradition showed that mystics ‘thought of themselves as vehicles for suffering and their broken voices and lacerated bodies reflected the stress under which they laboured’.13 Her crying brought attention to her being, even in her own time when crowds flocked to see her, becoming somewhat of a spectacle. These tears are almost a sign of her fertility in her contemplative life, and also justified in the Bible – Psalm cxxvi, 5-6 says that ‘they that sow in tears shall reap in joy. He that goeth forth and weepeth, bearing precious seed, shall doubtless come again with rejoicing†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Her tears therefore, although extreme and lead many throughout her work to rebuke her, are essentially a sign of grace demonstrating that the Incarnation for Kempe was an ever-present reality.14 Ursula Peters suggested that female mystics, through mysticism â€Å"turned inward and [discovered] ways to describe their own experiences†.15 In fact the role Kempe plays as a woman is very important to her whole mystical experience, and in some ways may even bring it into question. In her experiences with God she plays the wife, the mother, the sister and the daughter. When her husbands exclaims that she is ‘no good wife’ it again demonstrates that Kempe struggled between two worlds, that of the spiritual and that of her family commitments. St Bernard once proclaimed that natural human feeling doesn’t have to be suppressed but channelled into God, and in some ways this is exactly what Kempe achieves. By using the idea that she is a holy vessel she is able to assert herself as a woman in the highly competitive world quite drastically. She refuses to abandon her personality and quite forcefully, hence her adamant desire to be chaste, asserts who she is. The Church even attempted to denounce her as a Lollard, which shows that she was a threatening (female) voice and the only way to quieten her was to denounce her as a heretic. Rather than being a mystical treatise, The Book of Margery Kempe is a narrative account, almost a story, or even an autobiography as many have stated it to be, in which she attempts to adopt the contemplative ideal of piety.16 In fact it is more than mysticism, it is the experiences of a woman trying to find her voice in a masculine social world, and the only way that she can achieve this is through having spiritual authority. Certainly her devotion can not be questioned, and she can’t even predict herself when the intensity of Christ’s Passion will overwhelm her, be it ‘sometime in the church, sometime in the street, sometime in the chamber, sometime in the field’. Yet her extreme metaphors and use of language certainly bring into doubt her status as a mystic. As Susan Dickman has suggested prayers and visions certainly occupy the text, yet they are embedded in a larger structure17, namely how she was ‘painfully drawn and steered, [her pilgrimage acting as a metaphor for her mystical journey] to enter the way of perfection’. Certainly ‘painfully’ is an apt description, leading many to criticise her as a charlatan, a ‘terrible hysteric’ and even one who was possessed by the devil. Yet this account is from a very independent and highly spirited woman, who although struggled with her identity and sought the higher state to explore that larger structure of herself through God, was deeply devoted to her faith. In the end her piety was very ordinary, it is her style of conveyance however, the lack of the abstract vocabulary of Julian of Norwich, Rolle and the Cloud author18 that brings her status as a mystic int o controversy. Bibliography Aers, David., Community Gender and Individual Identity in English Writing, 1360-1430 (London, 1988) Bancroft, A., The Luminous Vision: Six Medieval Mystics and their Teachings (London, 1982). Evans, Ruth and Johnson, Lesley (eds.)., Feminist Readings in Middle English Literature: The Wife of Bath and All Her Sect (London, 1994) Klapisch-Zuber, C (ed.)., Silences of the Middle-Ages (London 1992),447 Glasscoe, Marion (ed.)., The Medieval Mystical Tradition (Exeter, 1980) http://www.anamchara.com/mystics/kempe.htm http://www.ccel.org/h/hilton/ladder/ladder-PART_I.html http://www.sterling.holycross.edu/departments/visarts/projects/kempe/index.html Knowles, D., The English Mystical Tradition London (London, 1961) Meale, Carol. M., (ed.)., Women and Literature in Britain 1150-1500 (Cambridge, 1993) 1 C. Klapisch-Zuber, Silences of the Middle Ages (London 1992),160 2 J.Long., ‘Mysticism and hysteria: the histories of Margery Kempe and Anna O’, in Feminist Readings in Middle English Literature, ed. R.Evans et al. (London, 1994),100 3 M. Glasscoe, English Medieval Mystics: Games of Faith (London, 1993),268. 4 M. Glasscoe, English Medieval Mystics: Games of Faith (London, 1993), 268. 5 D. Aers, Community, Gender and Individual Identity – English Writing 1360-1430 (London, 1988), 112. 6 http://www.ccel.org/h/hilton/ladder/ladder-PART_I.html 7 J.Long., ‘Mysticism and hysteria: the histories of Margery Kempe and Anna O’, in Feminist Readings in Middle English Literature, ed. R.Evans et al. (London, 1994), 87-111 8 D. Aers, Community, Gender and Individual Identity – English Writing 1360-1430 (London, 1988), 106 9 http://www.anamchara.com/mystics/kempe.html 10 D. Aers, Community, Gender and Individual Identity – English Writing 1360-1430 (London, 1988),115. 11 Ibid. 12 M. Glasscoe, English Medieval Mystics: Games of Faith (London, 1993), 275. 13 C. Klapisch-Zuber, Silences of the Middle Ages (London 1992),446 14 M. Glasscoe, English Medieval Mystics: Games of Faith (London, 1993), 276. 15 C. Klapisch-Zuber, Silences of the Middle Ages (London 1992),447 16 http://www.anamchara.com/mystics/kempe.htm 17 S. Dickman., ‘Margery Kempe and The English Devotional Tradition’, in The Medieval Mystical Tradition, ed. M. Glasscoe (Exeter, 1980), 156-172 18 M. Glasscoe, English Medieval Mystics: Games of Faith (London, 1993), 272.

Mte 520 Management Matrix Essay - 617 Words

Materials Management Matrix Learning Team B Jessica Berry, Andrew Brogan, Silvia Hammond, Erica Priscella Maintaining an Effective Learning Climate 520 Keith Jarrett February 10, 2013 Materials Management Matrix Learning Team B Issues requiring documentation | Current tools used | Additional technology options available | Documentation methods for staff review | Documentation methods for parent review | Calendars | Microsoft ® Outlook ® Blackboard calendar Desk calendar Wall calendar | Google calendar Yahoo calendar Famundo.com Calendars.net | Update information on school calendar.Provide link to online monthly calendar. | Paper calendars sent home with students Classroom website E-mail | Grades | Power SchoolWeekly†¦show more content†¦Select two issues requiring documentation and compare the systems used by each team member. What are the benefits and challenges of each system? Two of the issues requiring documentation are behavior related and